Peran Daerah Basis Produksi Padi Dalam Mendukung Ketahanan Pangan Regional: Analisis Location Quotient (LQ) Provinsi Jawa Tengah
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.55180/aft.v6i1.2376Keywords:
Agricultural, Base, Development, Food, Production, Rice, Specialization, basis, padi, pertanian, pembangunan, produksi, regional, sektor, spesialisasiAbstract
Study aims to identify the level of specialization and comparative advantage of rice production across districts and municipalities in Central Java Province using Location Quotient (LQ) approach. Analysis is based on secondary data on rice production for the 2018–2024 period obtained from Central Statistics Agency. LQ method was applied by comparing the proportion of district-level rice production to total provincial production in order to determine base sectors. Results indicate that Grobogan (1.448), Cilacap (1.425), Sragen (1.305), and Pati (1.065) have LQ values greater than one (LQ > 1), classifying them as rice production base areas with relatively high specialization. In contrast, most other districts and municipalities show LQ values below one (LQ < 1), suggesting that rice production is not yet a leading sector in those regions. These findings reveal a spatial concentration of rice production in specific areas of Central Java. Therefore, agricultural development policies should prioritize strengthening base regions while enhancing productivity in non-base areas to support sustainable regional food security.
ABSTRAK
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi tingkat spesialisasi dan keunggulan komparatif produksi padi antar kabupaten/kota di Provinsi Jawa Tengah menggunakan pendekatan Location Quotient (LQ). Data yang digunakan berupa data sekunder produksi padi periode 2018–2024 yang bersumber dari Badan Pusat Statistik. Analisis dilakukan dengan membandingkan proporsi produksi padi di tingkat kabupaten/kota terhadap total produksi provinsi untuk menentukan sektor basis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Grobogan (1,448), Cilacap (1,425), Sragen (1,305), dan Pati (1,065) memiliki nilai LQ lebih dari satu (LQ > 1), sehingga dikategorikan sebagai daerah basis produksi padi dengan tingkat spesialisasi relatif tinggi. Sementara itu, sebagian besar kabupaten/kota lainnya memiliki nilai LQ kurang dari satu (LQ < 1), yang mengindikasikan bahwa produksi padi belum menjadi sektor unggulan di wilayah tersebut. Temuan ini menunjukkan adanya konsentrasi spasial produksi padi di wilayah tertentu di Jawa Tengah. Oleh karena itu, kebijakan pembangunan pertanian perlu diarahkan pada penguatan daerah basis serta peningkatan produktivitas wilayah non-basis guna mendukung ketahanan pangan regional secara berkelanjutan.
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