Kelayakan Finansial Pembangunan Pabrik Kelapa Sawit Mini Kapasitas 5 Ton/Jam di Kalimantan Timur
Financial Feasibility Analysis of the Construction of 5 Ton/Hour Mini Palm Oil Mill in East Kalimantan
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.55180/aft.v6i2.2290Keywords:
Financial Analysis, Independent Smallholders, Mini Palm Oil Mill, Analisis Finansial, Petani Swadaya, PKS MiniAbstract
The selling price of Fresh Fruit Bunches (FFB) received by independent smallholder oil palm farmers in East Kalimantan is lower than the FFB price at the mill level. Data from the East Kalimantan Provincial Plantation Agency in January 2025 showed that the average FFB price at the independent smallholder level was IDR 2.239/kg, while the FFB price at the mill level for 10-year-old oil palm reached IDR 3.364/kg.This is due to the long sales chain and the distance of the mills from the Estate locations. One of solution to overcome this problem is to build mini palm oil mills with a capacity of 5 tons/hour owned by independent farmers. This study aims to determine the financial feasibility of constructing a mini palm oil mill with a capacity of 5 tons/hour in East Kalimantan and analyze its sensitivity to changes in operational costs and selling prices. The study uses a quantitative descriptive method by collecting and processing secondary data from government agencies, financial institutions, private companies, and academic literature related to the construction and operational costs of palm oil mills. The results show that the construction of a mini palm oil mill with a capacity of 5 tons/hour in East Kalimantan is financially feasible. At a discount rate of 8,02%, it produces a positive NPV of IDR 131.922.400.231, an IRR of 67%, a net B/C ratio of 6,5, and a payback period of 1 year and 6 months. The results of sensitivity analysis tests for each scenario, namely a 10% increase in operating costs and a 10% decrease in selling price, show that the business remains financially viable, despite a reduction in profits.
ABSTRAK
Harga jual Tandan Buah Segar (TBS) yang diterima petani kelapa sawit swadaya di Kalimantan Timur lebih rendah dibandingkan harga TBS di tingkat pabrik. Data Dinas Perkebunan Provinsi Kalimantan Timur bulan Januari 2025 menunjukan harga rata-rata TBS di tingkat petani mandiri sebesar Rp2.239/kg, sedangkan harga TBS di tingkat pabrik untuk tanaman umur 10 tahun mencapai Rp3.364,79/kg. Hal ini disebabkan rantai penjualan yang panjang dan jarak pabrik yang jauh dari lokasi kebun. Salah satu solusi untuk mengatasi hal tersebut adalah membangun pabrik kelapa sawit (PKS) mini kapasitas 5 ton/jam yang dimiliki oleh petani swadaya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kelayakan secara finansial terhadap Pembangunan PKS mini kapasitas 5 ton/jam di Kalimantan Timur dan menganalisis tingkat sensitifitasnya terhadap perubahan biaya operasional dan harga jual. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskiptif kuantitatif dengan mengumpulkan dan mengolah data-data sekunder yang berasal dari lembaga pemerintah, lembaga keuangan, perusahaan swasta dan literatur akademis yang terkait biaya pembangunan dan operasional pabrik kelapa sawit. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pembangunan PKS mini kapasitas 5 ton/jam di Kalimantan Timur layak secara finansial untuk dijalankan. Pada discount rate 8,02% menghasilkan NPV positif dengan nilai Rp 131.922.400.231, IRR sebesar 67%, Net B/C ratio 6,5 dan payback periode dapat dicapai dalam waktu 1 tahun 6 bulan. Hasil uji dari setiap analisis sensitifitas pada setiap skenario yaitu kenaikan biaya operasional 10% maupun penurunan harga jual 10% menunjukkan bahwa usaha masih tetap layak dijalankan secara finansial, meskipun terjadi pengurangan keuntungan yang diperoleh.
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